Radioactive isotopes leaking from Europa’s seafloor rocks could split ocean water into hydrogen- and oxygen-bearing chemicals capable of feeding microbial life, according to a model presented in December 2025 — meaning the January 2026 finding that Europa probably lacks active seafloor faulting and hydrothermal vents may not eliminate its ocean as a potentially habitable environment.
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Europa’s ocean has long invited a familiar picture. Imagine a black seafloor beneath kilometres of water, split by faults and dotted with hot vents. Around those vents, alien microbes feed on chemica… [+14202 chars]